Description:
Unattached disks in Azure (disks not currently connected to any VM) must be encrypted using a Customer Managed Key (CMK).
Unattached disks may contain sensitive data and should be secured with customer-controlled encryption instead of Azure’s default Platform Managed Key (PMK).
Rationale:
Unattached disks can be downloaded, attached to another VM, or exported.
Encrypting them with CMK ensures customers control key access and rotation, strengthening security and meeting compliance requirements.
Impact:
If unattached disks are not encrypted with CMK:
Sensitive data may be exposed if the disk is downloaded or misused
No customer control over encryption keys
Not compliant with security standards (ISO, SOC 2, HIPAA, PCI)
Higher risk in case of disk export, snapshot misuse, or accidental access
Default Value:
Azure encrypts disks using Platform Managed Key (PMK) by default.
CMK encryption is not enabled automatically for unattached disks.
Pre-requisites:
Access to Azure Portal (Owner or Contributor)
An Azure Key Vault was created
A Customer Managed Key (CMK) was created
A Disk Encryption Set (DES) linked to the CMK
Test Plan:
Log in to the Microsoft Azure Portal https://portal.azure.com
In the search bar, search for Disks.
In the Disks list, identify disks where Status = Unattached.
Select an unattached disk.
Under Settings, select Encryption.
Verify that key management is set to Customer-managed key.
Verify a Disk Encryption Set is selected.
Repeat the above steps for all unattached disks.
If any unattached disk shows a Platform-managed key, follow the Implementation Steps
Implementation Steps:
Log in to the Microsoft Azure Portal https://portal.azure.com
Create or open an existing Azure Key Vault.
Create a Customer Managed Key (CMK) in the Key Vault.
Create a Disk Encryption Set (DES) and link it to the CMK.
In the Azure Portal search bar, search for Disks.
In the Overview section, identify disks where Status = Unattached.
Select an unattached disk.
Under Settings, select Encryption.
Change Key management to Customer-managed key.
Select the appropriate Disk Encryption Set.
Click Save to apply the changes.
Backout Plan:
Sign in to the Azure portal at https://portal.azure.com.
Open the unattached disk.
Under Settings, click Encryption.
Change the Encryption type back to Platform-managed key (PMK).
Click Save to apply the changes.
References:
https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/disk-encryption
https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/disk-encryption-set



